The first group are all past tense, they are past perfect continuous, past simple, past continuous, past perfect. Past tells about an event that happend in the past and finished in another point in the past. example for past perfect "Sofie had finished her work."
The second group are all the present. Present simple, present continuous, present perfect continuous, present perfect. Present tells about genreal present. Example for present simple 'frogs jump from one place to another.
The third group is future. Future simple, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous. Future simple tells about something happing. Example for future simple "Will they send him an invitation card".